In the mid-third century. AD the Roman Empire is facing several crises at once, both in West and East. To save him from an untenable position shall be the vassal kingdom of the thriving city of Palmyra with his army, led by King Odeno and his death by his widow Queen Zenobia, against the Sassanid Persian empire.
A famous mural depicting foot soldiers armor covered with long lashes, with short swords (similar to Roman Gladi) and shields with hexagonal cross-bracing. But the most intriguing feature is the use of headphones instead of flake helmet.
an archaeological describes us as shields made of sturdy and light rods and spread across the path from leather reinforcements (the ones in the representation are also equipped with a classic round metal boss in the Roman manner).
Many conjectures were made about these soldiers, that this is the first military Palmyrene equipped in accordance with their customs and traditions. Another that it is of Roman troops stationed in the eastern provinces for a long time and who have absorbed some characteristics in the, in particular the use of headphones in a helmet.
This hypothesis can be substantiated by the increasing difficulty in finding craftsmen to produce the complex helmets "T" means the date of AD 260 for a bronze helmet and left unfinished, is the most recent asking about them types of products. Considering that a helmet could remain in use for three decades, we can assume that in the last quarter of the century there were still around but, being no longer in production, the vast majority were of another sort. Another
hypothesis is that the soldiers represented are Catafratti knights on foot. This assumption was met initially by many artists justified because of the extensive armor plates, then the acceptance of a very opaque armor for the infantry of the first file, this argument has lost validity.
Interpretation of the soldier as a hooded military Palmyrene _
Interpretation of the soldier as Legionnaire of the eastern provinces _
Interpretation the soldier as a knight of the eastern provinces _ Catafratto
A manuscript of the fifth century. AD depicts soldiers on guard around the master and his officers, armed with extensive links with iron caps, long spears and large oval shields from the classic Roman look of the time.
It 'obvious that this aspect of military thinking, born of the contamination characteristics of the Eastern Provincial, has subsequently spread also in Western Europe.
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